Class 9 General English · Chapter: Relative Pronouns

Chapter: Relative Pronouns

सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम (Who, Whom, Whose, Which, That, What, When, Where, Why)

कक्षा 9वीं पाठ्यपुस्तक के संपूर्ण नियम, शॉर्टकट पैटर्न और सभी 4 अभ्यास (Exercises 1, 2, 3, 4) का 100% संकलन। यहाँ हर नियम को सरल हिंदी व अंग्रेजी में गहराई से समझाया गया है, जबकि सभी प्रश्नों व विकल्पों को शुद्ध अंग्रेजी (Pure English) में रखा गया है। प्रश्नों को पहले पूरा हल करें, फिर सबमिट करने पर ही स्कोर व विस्तृत समाधान (Detailed Solutions) खुलेंगे!

📖 Read Rules & Formulas → 📝 Textbook Exercises (1-4)

Textbook Golden Shortcuts · स्वर्ण नियम

Master Patterns & Blank Space Shortcuts!

• Who: Person + who + Verb (The boy who is standing...)

• Whom: Person + whom + Subject/Person + Verb (The man whom I helped...)

• Whose: Person + whose + Noun/Thing/Person (The boy whose father is doctor...)

• Which: Lifeless thing / animal + which + Verb/Noun (The book which Mohan gave...)

• Preposition Trap: Preposition के तुरंत बाद whom या which ही आता है (about whom / in which); that नहीं आता!

• What: जब वाक्य में कोई Antecedent न हो (What cannot be cured... / Do what you please)

• That: Superlative degree, Interrogative sentences, और All, Only, Same, None, Little के बाद that अनिवार्य है!

Introduction · पाठ्यपुस्तक पृष्ठ 1

What is a Relative Pronoun? (सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम)

📖 Definition (परिभाषा): Words like who, which, that, whose, whom, what, when, where, why join two sentences or clauses together. Because they connect two clauses, they are called Conjunctive Pronouns. Because they relate the second clause back to the noun just before them (called the Antecedent / पूर्ववर्ती संज्ञा), they are called Relative Pronouns.

👉 Antecedent (पूर्ववर्ती): Relative Pronoun से ठीक पहले आने वाली वह संज्ञा या सर्वनाम जिसकी विशेषता बाद वाला उपवाक्य बताता है, उसे Antecedent कहा जाता है।

Textbook Exemplar Sentences & Deep Analysis (पाठ्यपुस्तक के मुख्य 5 वाक्य):

1. “This is the boy who is my best friend.”

Relative Pronoun: who

Antecedent: the boy (Person). 'who' acts as subject of the second clause ('who is my best friend').

2. “This is the book which I like most.”

Relative Pronoun: which

Antecedent: the book (Inanimate thing). 'which' acts as object of the verb 'like'.

3. “I have lost the watch that you presented me.”

Relative Pronoun: that

Antecedent: the watch (Thing). 'that' connects the defining clause.

4. “This is the boy whose friends are coming today.”

Relative Pronoun: whose

Antecedent: the boy. 'whose' shows possession (सम्बन्ध) of 'friends'.

5. “These are the boys/girls whom all praise.”

Relative Pronoun: whom

Antecedent: the boys/girls. 'whom' functions as objective case (कर्म कारक) preceded by persons.

📋 Complete Family of Relative Pronouns & Relative Adverbs:

who (व्यक्ति - कर्ता) whom (व्यक्ति - कर्म) whose (स्वामित्व/सम्बन्ध) which (वस्तु/जानवर) that (विशेष 5 स्थितियाँ) what (बिना Antecedent के) when (समय) where (स्थान) why (कारण)

Rules & Formulas · पाठ्यपुस्तक पृष्ठ 1, 2 व 3

Use of Relative Pronouns When Blank Space is Given in Sentences

1 Use of 'Who' (कर्ता कारक - Subject Pronoun)

👉 'Who' का प्रयोग तब किया जाता है जब रिक्त स्थान से ठीक पहले कोई व्यक्ति (Person) हो और रिक्त स्थान के तुरंत बाद कोई क्रिया (Verb) हो।

Formula: Person + [who] + Verb ...

• I know Mr Sharma, who teaches you English. (Mr Sharma [Person] + teaches [Verb])

• The boy who is standing there is my brother. (The boy [Person] + is [Verb])

• The woman who lives next door is a doctor.

• The player who scored the goal was very happy.

2 Use of 'Whom' (कर्म कारक - Object Pronoun)

👉 'Whom' का प्रयोग तब होता है जब रिक्त स्थान से पहले व्यक्ति (Person) हो तथा रिक्त स्थान के बाद भी व्यक्ति / कर्ता सर्वनाम (Subject) + क्रिया (Verb) आए।

Formula: Person + [whom] + Subject (Person) + Verb ...

• The boy whom he gave money was very poor. (The boy [Person] + he [Person] + gave [Verb])

• The man whom I helped was in trouble. (The man [Person] + I [Person] + helped [Verb])

• The lady whom you talked with is my aunt. (The lady [Person] + you [Person] + talked [Verb])

• The teacher whom every student respects received the award.

3 Use of 'Whose' (स्वामित्व / सम्बन्ध - Possessive Pronoun)

👉 'Whose' का प्रयोग स्वामित्व या पारिवारिक सम्बन्ध (Possession) दिखाने के लिए होता है। रिक्त स्थान से पहले व्यक्ति और बाद में वस्तु या सम्बन्धित व्यक्ति आता है।

Patterns: Person + [whose] + Thing + Verb | Person + [whose] + Thing + Person + Verb | Person + [whose] + Person + Verb

• The man whose shirt is blue is my uncle. (Person + thing + verb)

• The man whose car you borrowed is my neighbour. (Person + thing + person + verb)

• The man whose son you taught is my uncle. (Person + person + person + verb)

• The boy whose father is a doctor is my friend. (Person + person + verb)

4 Use of 'Which' (निर्जीव वस्तुएँ एवं जानवर - Inanimate Things & Animals)

👉 'Which' का प्रयोग किसी निर्जीव वस्तु (Lifeless thing) या जानवर (Animal) के लिए होता है।

⚠️ Preposition Trap: यदि रिक्त स्थान से ठीक पहले कोई Preposition (in, for, on, with...) आए, तो वस्तु/जानवर के लिए 'which' ही लगेगा (in which, for which)!

• The dog which bit you is his. (Animal + verb)

• The book which Mohan gave me is yours. (Lifeless thing + noun + verb)

• The post for which I was selected is temporary. (Preposition 'for' + which)

• I don't like the house in which he lives. (Preposition 'in' + which)

5 Use of 'What' (बिना Antecedent के - When No Antecedent is Present)

👉 'What' का अपना कोई Antecedent नहीं होता। इसके मुख्य 3 नियम हैं: (A) वाक्य के शुरू में रिक्त स्थान हो, (B) मुख्य क्रिया (Verb) के तुरंत बाद रिक्त स्थान हो, (C) Verb + Object के बाद रिक्त स्थान हो।

• What cannot be cured must be endured. (वाक्य के प्रारंभ में)

• This is what he likes. (Verb 'is' के बाद सीधे)

• Do what you please. (Verb 'Do' के बाद)

• Give him what he demands. (Verb + Object 'Give him' के बाद)

• Please tell me what you need. (Verb + Object 'tell me' के बाद)

6 Use of 'When' (समय - Time)

👉 रिक्त स्थान से पहले समय सूचक शब्द (midnight, Sunday, 2023, the day, the time) हो।

• It was midnight when the thief entered the house.

• It was Sunday when we went on a picnic.

• It was 2023 when my father purchased this house.

7 Use of 'Where' (स्थान - Place)

👉 रिक्त स्थान से पहले स्थान सूचक संज्ञा (temple, school, house, city, cafe, Spain) हो।

• This is the temple where Gandhiji was shot dead.

• This is the school where I studied for five years.

• The house where I am staying is very big.

8 Use of 'Why' (कारण - Reason)

👉 रिक्त स्थान से ठीक पहले 'the reason' (कारण) शब्द दिया हो।

• This is the reason why he didn't come.

• This is the reason why I called you.

• Did they tell you the reason why they were late?

9 Use of 'That' (Who / Whom / Which के स्थान पर That के 5 स्वर्णिम नियम)

पाठ्यपुस्तक के अनुसार निम्नलिखित 5 विशेष परिस्थितियों में who, whom या which के स्थान पर 'that' का ही प्रयोग होता है:

(A) Superlative Degree: यदि संज्ञा से पहले Superlative Degree (the tallest, the best, the most...) हो:

• Mohan is the tallest boy that reads in our school.

• This is the best book that I've ever loved.

(B) Interrogative Sentences: यदि वाक्य Interrogative (Who / What से प्रारंभ) हो:

• Who is he that troubles you?

• What is it that worries him so much?

• Who is the man that abuses you?

(C) Indefinite Determiners: यदि रिक्त स्थान से पहले only, any, same, all, nothing, no one, nobody, anybody, anything, none, little आदि आएँ:

• All that glitters is not gold.

• This is the same person that you beat.

• The only present that I didn't like was the gold ring.

(D) Person + Animal / Thing Compound: यदि रिक्त स्थान से पहले एक व्यक्ति और एक जानवर/वस्तु साथ में आएँ:

• The man and the dog that you see live next door.

• The shepherd and his cow that we see on the ground live in this village.

(E) Preposition after Verbs: यदि Preposition Relative clause की क्रिया के बाद आए:

• This is the book that I told you about. (about अंत में है)

• The hotel that we stayed in was very good. (in अंत में है)

*परंतु यदि Preposition पहले आ जाए तो: I know the man about whom you are talking / The house in which he lives.

10 Combining Two Sentences by Using Relative Pronouns (Defining Clauses)

पाठ्यपुस्तक उदाहरण: (i) The woman is a doctor. (ii) She lives next door.
यहाँ 'The woman' और 'She' एक ही व्यक्ति हैं। 'She' को हटाकर 'who' लगाया जाएगा:
👉 The woman who lives next door is a doctor. (या: The woman that lives next door is a doctor.)

Textbook Exercise-1 · पाठ्यपुस्तक पृष्ठ 4

Exercise-1: Fill in the Blanks with Suitable Relative Pronoun (10 Questions)

पहले सभी 10 प्रश्नों के उत्तर चुनें। नीचे सबमिट करने पर ही उत्तर कुंजी व गलत उत्तरों की संख्या खुलेगी!

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Textbook Exercise-2 · पाठ्यपुस्तक पृष्ठ 4 व 2

Exercise-2: Fill in the Blanks with 'when', 'where' or 'why' (10 Questions)

पाठ्यपुस्तक के सभी 10 प्रश्न। पूरा हल करने के बाद सबमिट करें!

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Textbook Exercise-3 · पाठ्यपुस्तक पृष्ठ 2

Exercise-3: Fill in the Blanks with Relative Pronouns in Brackets (11 Questions)

पाठ्यपुस्तक के सभी 11 प्रश्न (1 to 11 complete)। सबमिट करने पर समाधान दिखेगा!

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Textbook Exercise-4 · पाठ्यपुस्तक पृष्ठ 2

Exercise-4: Join the Pairs of Sentences using 'who' / 'that' (7 Questions)

दो वाक्यों को Relative Pronoun से जोड़ना। सही वाक्य का चयन करें और सबमिट करें!

Attempted: 0 / 7

Interactive Practice · 20 Questions (Pure English)

Concept Practice Questions (Tricky Distractors)

कठिन परीक्षा ट्रैप्स व भ्रमित करने वाले विकल्पों के साथ 20 प्रश्न। पहले पूरा हल करें, फिर सबमिट करने पर ही स्कोर व उत्तर कुंजी दिखेगी।

Attempted: 0 / 20

Attempted: 0 / 20 Questions

Class 9th Tough Level · 30 Questions · Strict 15-Minute Exam

Final 30-Question Tough Relative Pronouns Exam

यह परीक्षा कक्षा 9वीं के सबसे कठिन और भ्रमित करने वाले प्रश्नों का परीक्षण करेगी। सभी प्रश्न और विकल्प 100% शुद्ध अंग्रेजी में हैं।

🎓 छात्र का नाम (Student Name Entry) - आवश्यक

टेस्ट शुरू करने से पहले अपना पूरा नाम लिखें। टेस्ट सबमिट करने पर आपका परिणाम 50 छात्रों के रिकॉर्ड में सुरक्षित हो जाएगा।

Full Name:

👥 Recent 50 Students Test Records (छात्रों का रिकॉर्ड) 50 Records Live

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Chapter: Relative Pronouns

Master Patterns & Blank Space Shortcuts!

What is a Relative Pronoun? (सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम)

Use of Relative Pronouns When Blank Space is Given in Sentences

Exercise-1: Fill in the Blanks with Suitable Relative Pronoun (10 Questions)

Exercise-2: Fill in the Blanks with 'when', 'where' or 'why' (10 Questions)

Exercise-3: Fill in the Blanks with Relative Pronouns in Brackets (11 Questions)

Exercise-4: Join the Pairs of Sentences using 'who' / 'that' (7 Questions)

Concept Practice Questions (Tricky Distractors)

Final 30-Question Tough Relative Pronouns Exam

🎓 छात्र का नाम (Student Name Entry) - आवश्यक

Student: ...

🏆 50 Students Test Records (विद्यार्थियों का लाइव टेस्ट डेटा)

Comprehensive Answer Key & Solutions (30 Questions):

🔒 Access Locked

Chapter: Relative Pronouns

Master Patterns & Blank Space Shortcuts!

What is a Relative Pronoun? (सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम)

Use of Relative Pronouns When Blank Space is Given in Sentences

Exercise-1: Fill in the Blanks with Suitable Relative Pronoun (10 Questions)

Exercise-2: Fill in the Blanks with 'when', 'where' or 'why' (10 Questions)

Exercise-3: Fill in the Blanks with Relative Pronouns in Brackets (11 Questions)

Exercise-4: Join the Pairs of Sentences using 'who' / 'that' (7 Questions)

Concept Practice Questions (Tricky Distractors)

Final 30-Question Tough Relative Pronouns Exam

🎓 छात्र का नाम (Student Name Entry) - आवश्यक

Student: ...

🏆 50 Students Test Records (विद्यार्थियों का लाइव टेस्ट डेटा)

Comprehensive Answer Key & Solutions (30 Questions):

Unattempted Questions Warning